Monday, 1 October 2012
Sunday, 30 September 2012
Superior Labral Anteroposterior Tear
TABLE 1
Current Superior Labral Anteroposterior (SLAP) Lesion Classification with Associated Clinical Findings and Mechanisms of Injury
| Type | Biceps-Labral Complex | Extensiona | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Snyder et al. [2] | |||
| I | Fraying | 11-1 | Could be incidental finding; more significant in young people involved in overhead activities |
| II | Tear with biceps extension | 11-1 | Most common type; association with acute traction, repetitive overhead motion, and microinstability; could be associated with type IV |
| III | Bucket-handle tear with intact biceps | 11-1 | Less severe than type IV; association with fall on outstretched arm |
| IV | Bucket-handle tear with biceps extension | 11-1 | More severe than type III because of biceps extension; could be associated with type II; association with fall on outstretched arm |
| Maffet et al. [15] | |||
| V | Not specified | 11-5 | Either a Bankart lesion with superior extension or a SLAP lesion with anterior inferior extension |
| VI | Anterior or posterior flap tear | 11-1 | Probably represents type IV or less likely type III with tear of the bucket-handle component |
| VII | Not specified | 11-3 | Type of middle glenohumeral ligament extension (avulsion or split) not specified; association with acute trauma with anterior dislocation |
| Resnick Db | |||
| VIII | Not specified | 7-1 | Similar to type IIB but with more extensive abnormalities; association with acute trauma with posterior dislocation |
| IX | Not specified | 7-5 | Global labrum abnormality; probably traumatic event |
| Beltran Jc | |||
| X | Not specified | 11-1 + | Rotator interval extension; articular side abnormalities |
| Morgan et al. [21] | |||
| IIA | II | 11-3 | Similar to type X; association with repetitive overhead motion |
| IIB | II | 9-11 | Association with infraspinatus tear |
| IIC | II | 9-3 | Association with infraspinatus tear |
Sunday, 19 August 2012
Cervical Spine
Classic Patterns of Cervical Radiculopathy
| Abnormalities | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nerve root | Interspace | Pain distribution | Motor | Sensory | Reflex |
C4
|
C3–C4
|
Lower neck, trapezius
|
NA
|
Cape distribution (i.e., lower neck and upper shoulder girdle)
|
NA
|
C5
|
C4–C5
|
Neck, shoulder, lateral arm
|
Deltoid, elbow flexion
|
Lateral arm
|
Biceps
|
C6
|
C5–C6
|
Neck, dorsal lateral (radial) arm, thumb
|
Biceps, wrist extension
|
Lateral forearm, thumb
|
Brachioradialis
|
C7
|
C6–C7
|
Neck, dorsal lateral forearm, middle finger
|
Triceps, wrist flexion
|
Dorsal forearm, long finger
|
Triceps
|
C8
|
C7-C8
|
Neck, medial forearm, ulnar digits
|
Finger flexors
|
Medial forearm, ulnar digits
|
NA
|
T1
|
C8-T1
|
Ulnar forearm
|
Finger intrinsics
|
Ulnar forearm
|
NA
|
NA = not applicable.
The nerve roots exit above their correspondingly numbered vertebral body from C2-C7. C1 exits between the occiput and atlas, and C8 exits below the C7 vertebral body.
A C4-C5 disc herniation will compress the C5 nerve root
A C5-C6 disc herniation will compress the C6 nerve root
A C6-C7 disc herniation will compress the C7 nerve root
A C7-T1 disc herniation will compress the C8 nerve root
A T1-T2 disc herniation will compress the T1 nerve root
A C5-C6 disc herniation will compress the C6 nerve root
A C6-C7 disc herniation will compress the C7 nerve root
A C7-T1 disc herniation will compress the C8 nerve root
A T1-T2 disc herniation will compress the T1 nerve root
Monday, 2 July 2012
MRI REPORTING CATEGORIES
A - 3 hrs
CERVICAL SPINE
DORSAL SPINE
LUMBAR SPINE
BRAIN - ROUTINE
ABDOMEN -ROUTINE
PELVIS - ROUTINE
ALL CASES WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS
B - 6 hrs
SPINE CONTRAST
BRAIN - CONTRAST
KNEE
HIP
ANKLE
NECK
THORAX -ROUTINE
ABDOMEN ROUTINE
MRA - BRAIN
MRA - NECK NON CONTRAST
ORBIT
PNS
C - 12 hrs
BRACHIAL PLEXUS
LUMBOSACRAL PLEXUS
SHOULDER
ELBOW
WRIST
FOOT
HIP WITH CONTRAST
MRCP
PELVIS FEMALE WITHOUT CONTRAST
PELVIS MALE
UPPER LIMB
LOWER LIMB
MR FISTULOGRAM
MRA - NECK WITH CONTRAST
MRA - AORTA , ILIAC ,FEMORAL
FACE
PHARYNX
TEMPORAL BONE
INFANT BRAIN
D - 24 hrs
ABDOMEN - MASS
LIVER WITH CONTRAST
KIDNEY WITH CONTRAST
PELVIS WITH CONTRAST
WRIST WITH CONTRAST
SHOULDER ARTHROGRAM
MR SPECTROSCOPY
MRS WITH MR PERFUSION
MRA LOWER LIMBS
MRA - RENAL ANGIO
MRA - OTHER AORTIC BRANCHES
MR MAMMOGRAPHY
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
HAND , FINGER ,TOE
Saturday, 2 June 2012
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